Internetbegrippen, internetwoorden, internetjargon, computertermen, internet
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| - ACTIVEX – ActiveX technology, a Microsoft baby, is used to make interactive web pages that look and behave like computer programs, rather than static pages |
| - ADN – (Advanced Digital Network): Normally refers to a 56Kbps leased-line |
| - ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) – A method for moving data over regular phone lines that is much faster than a regular phone connection. Data can be downloaded at speeds of up to 1.544 megabits (not megabytes) per second and sent at speeds of up to 128 kilobits per second |
| - ALIAS – Nickname for a domain or host computer |
| - ANCHOR – Synonym for a hyperlink |
| - ANONYMOUS FTP – Allows Internet users to access certain servers via FTP (file transfer protocol) using a general password such as GUEST or ANONYMOUS for the purpose of downloading freeware and shareware files |
| - API – (Application Programming Interface): A standard interface between a communications device and a software application operating in a computer |
| - APPLET – A small program that runs from within another program, generally a Java program embedded in a Web page which executes as the Web page loads in a browser such as Netscape or Internet Explorer |
| - APPLICATION – A computer program, specifically software that runs on a computer and performs a particular task, i.e. word processor, spreadsheet, etc |
| - ARCHIE – An Internet service that enables users to search the file databases of many anonymous FTP sites. Can be accessed via Telnet, a local Archie client, or E-Mail |
| - ARCHIVE – Term used to describe either a server containing a large amount of publicily accessible software or a file containing one or more other files that have been compressed and stored |
| - ARPA – Advanced Research Projects Agency. The governmental organization responsible for creating the beginnings of the Internet |
| - ARPAnet – The network developed by ARPA in the late 1960's and early 1970's which served as a foundation for today's Internet. An experiment in wide-area-networking intended to survive a nuclear war |
| - ASCII – (American Standard Code for Information Interchange): The world-wide standard for the code numbers used by computers to represent all upper and lower-case letters, numbers, punctuation, etc. There are 128 standard ASCII codes |
| - ASP – Application Service Provider |
| - ATTACHMENT – A file that is linked or included to a specific email message, just as you might paperclip a clipping to a snail mail letter |
| - BACKBONE – The primary high-speed line (or series of connections) that forms the main routes within a computer network |
| - BANDWIDTH – The amount of information you can send through a connection, usually measured in bits-per-second |
| - BAUD – The baud rate is the measurement of speed that a telephone or cable modem can transmit or recieve in bits. Example: a 1200 bit-per-second modem actually runs at 400 baud, but moves 3 bits per baud or (3 x 400) 1200 bits per second |
| - BBS – Abbreviation for Bulletin Board System, a system that allows people to meet and leave messages, carry on discussions, and upload and download files without the people being connected to the computer at the same time |
| - BINHEX (BINary HEXadecimal) – A method for converting binary files (applications) into ASCII format. This is needed because Internet e-mail can only handle ASCII |
| - BIOS – Abbreviation meaning "Basic Input-Output System". Computer software controlling input and output (e.g. on a PC, the code stored in ROMs which allows the PC to cummunicate with the keyboard, screen and disks as well as boot up an operating system |
| - BIT (Binary DigIT) – A single digit number in base-2, in other words, either a 1 or a zero. The smallest unit of computerized data |
| - BPS (Bits-Per-Second) – A measurement of how fast data is moved from one place to another. A 28.8 modem can move 28,800 bits per second |
| - BROWSER – Program that allows you to surf the web. The most popular Web Browsers right now are Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer with Opera a distant third |
| - BYTE – A set of Bits that represent a single character. Usually there are 8 Bits in a Byte, sometimes more, depending on how the measurement is being made |
| - CD-ROM (Compact Disc – Read-Only Memory) – CD containing data |
| - CGI – stands for "Common Gateway Interface" (but everyone uses the acronym nowadays). CGI refers to programs that sites can run to generate web pages dynamically. For example, web search engines use CGI programs to read what keywords you're searching for, find web pages for you, and format the results in a web page for you to see. A CGI program can be written in any computer language. Perl is the most popular language for writing CGI programs, but other major contenders are C and C++, Unix shell scripts, Java, and Visual Basic |
| - CHAT – Another term for IRC . Also, an acronym meaning Conversational Hypertext Access Technology |
| - CHAT ROOM – A place on the Internet where people go to "chat" with other people in the room. There are thousands of these Chat Rooms on the Net, usually organized by topic or interest |
| - CHECKSUM – A computed value which is dependent upon the contents of a packet. This value is sent along with the packet when it is transmitted. The receiving system computes a new checksum based upon the received data and compares this value with the one sent with the packet. If the two values are the same, the receiver has a high degree of confidence that the data was received correctly |
| - CIAC (Computer Incident Advisory Center) – A group of the US Department of Energy that alerts concerned parties with information about computer security and viruses which may affect other government agencies and the public |
| - CLIENT – In Internet terms, an application that performs a specific function, such as Telnet or FTP, the front-end to an Internet process. In more general terms, a client is a computer system or process that requests a service of another computer system or process |
| - COOKIE – A "cookie" is an Internet site's way of keeping track of you. It's a small program built into a web page you might visit. Typically you won't know when you are receiving cookies. Ideally a cookie could make your surfing easier by identifying you, tracking sites you visit, topics you search, and get a general feel for your preferences. However, many people believe that cookies invade their privacy and disable them using their browsers' settings. A small file is installed on your computer by a web site you visit. The file contains data about you and the computer system you are on |
| - COUNTER – Counts the number of people that have visited or hit that page |
| - CPE – Customer Premises Equipment |
| - CRACKER – A cracker is the same thing as a hacker, except the hacker only explores other peoples computers and the cracker destroys stuff once in there |
| - CYBERPUNK – A term coined by science fiction writers William Gibson and Bruce Sterling reffering for a sub-group existing in an overindustialized society. It is a cultural label used for many different kinds of human, machine, and punk attitudes, including clothing and lifestyle |
| - CYBERSPACE – A term used to encompass the entire range of information available on the internet through computer networks. Likely first used by author William Gibson in his sci-fi novel Neuromancer |
| - DBMS – Data Base Management System |
| - DIALUP – A temporary connection between machines established over a standard phone line, usually by means of modems |
| - DIGEST – A message that contains multiple individual postings to a mailing list or newsgroup. Example: LinkExchange Daily Digest |
| - DLL (Dynamic Link Library) – A set of shared functions and procedures used by applications that can be loaded or unloaded at any time by the applications |
| - DNS (Domain Name Server) – A program running on a server which automatically translates domain names into their correct TCP/IP addresses |
| - DOMAIN NAME – English language standard for a computer system's TCP/IP numeric address (example: 123.123.123.123). The highest level name of the web site. The "rubrieken" part of www.rubrieken.com is the domain name |
| - DOS – The Disk Operating System that preceded Windows but that has receded in importance with each new version of Windows |
| - DOWNLOAD – The transfer of information from the Internet to your computer. You can download web pages, email, or programs. If you do download software, make sure that you have a good virus checker running in the background |
| - DOWNLOADING – The process by which a file or program is transferred from a host or source computer to your computer |
| - DSL – Digital Subscriber Line |
| - DSLAM – Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer |
| - DSVD – Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data |
| - ELECTRONIC FRONTIER FOUNDATION (EFF) – A foundation that addresses social and legal issues arising from the impact of computers on society |
| - ELECTRONIC MAIL (Email) – A method by which computer users can exchange messages with each other over a network. On the Internet the email protocol most commonly used is called SMTP(standard mail transfer protocal) |
| - ELM (ELectronic Mailer) – A UNIX email program based on a server equivalent to Netscape mail, user agent which sends out e-mail, and stores messages for users to read, or send directly from the server |
| - EMAIL – Electronic-mail is usually provided by your ISP. A few years ago we could only send and receive mail over the Internet. Today, we can send not only messages, but online greeting cards, pictures of the family and video |
| - EMAIL ADDRESS – An email address is made up of several parts. The first part of the address, the username, identifies a unique user on a server. The @ symbol separates the username from the host name. The host name uniquely identifies the server computer and is the last part of the Internet email address. The three-letter suffix in the host name identifies the kind of organization operating the server. The most common suffixes are: .com (commercial), .edu (educational), .gov (government), .mil (military), .net (networking), and .org (non-commercial). Two letter suffixes generally identify a geographical area: .uk (united kingdom), .de (Germany), .ca (Canada), etc |
| - ENCRYPTION – The basis of network security. Encryption encodes network packets to prevent anyone except the intended recipient from accessing the data |
| - ETHERNET – The most common method of networking computers in a LAN (local area network). The Ethernet processes about 10,000,000 bits-per-second and is used with almost any kind of computer |
| - FAQ – (Frequently Asked Questions) – FAQs are lists that answer the most common questions on a particular topic. There are thousands of FAQs on the Web on a multitude of subjects. FAQs are usually written by people who have tired of answering the same question over and over |
| - FIRE WALL – A combination of hardware and software that separates a LAN (local area network) into two or more parts for security purposes |
| - FLAME – Originally, flame meant to carry on a fierce honorable debate. Flames often involved the use of flowery language and flaming was an art form. More recently, flame has come to refer to any kind of derogatory comment used in public forums such as newsgroups and discussion lists |
| - FLAME WAR – When an online discussion degenerates into a series of personal attacks against the debators, rather than discussion of their positions |
| - FORMS – Online electronic forms that you can complete on the Web, if you have a forms-capable Web browser such as Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer |
| - FREENET – A network system made up of community-based bulletin board systems with email, information services, interactive communications, and conferencing. They are usually funded and operated by individuals or organizations who wish to make computer networking services as freely available as public libraries |
| - FREEWARE – Software that you can distribute freely and use for free, but for which the author often retains the copyright, which means that it can't be modified |
| - FTP – (File Transfer Protocol): A software program by which files are moved from one computer on the Internet to another. FTP is a method of logging into another Internet site for the purposes of retrieving and/or sending files. Many Internet sites have publicly accessible databanks of downloadable material that can be obtained using FTP. These sites are often referred to as Anonymous FTP sites because anyone can login in using the UserID "anonymous" and their email address as a Password |
| - GAME CONTROL ADAPTER – Converts voltage levels into numbers using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). In IBM personal computers and compatibles, it is a circuit that processes input signals at a game port |
| - GAME PORT – In IBM personal computers and compatibles, an I/O (in/out) port for devices such as joysticks and game paddles |
| - GATEWAY – A "go-between" device or program that passes information between networks that normally couldn't communicate. What used to be called a gateway is now called a router |
| - GIF – A graphic format commonly found on web pages. GIF images can display a maximum of 256 colors and can be saved with transparent backgrounds or combined to form animated graphics |
| - GIGABYTE – 1,000, or more accurately, 1,024 Megabytes. A unit of hard drive storage measurement |
| - GMT – (Greenwich Mean Time) Often used as a standard time zone. In e-mail headers, you will often see references to the hours offset from GMT. Eastern Standard Time, for example, is GMT minus 5 hours because of the 5 hour difference between Greenwich, England and the Eastern US |
| - GOPHER – An information search and retrieval tool developed at the University of Minnesota and widely used for research. Gopher information is stored hierarchically on computers across the Internet. Gopher uses a simple protocol that allows a client to access information from a multitude of numerous Gopher servers at one time. The most common search tools in gopher are Veronica and Jughead |
| - GRAMMAR CHECKER – A software accessory found in many write – edit programs that checks text for errors in grammatical construction, and highlights them for correction |
| - GREEN PC – A computer system designed to conserve energy. Green PC's shut off power to non-essential systems if no input has been detected for a specified amount of time |
| - GROUPWARE – Software designed to allow a group of users on a network to work simultaneously on a project. Groupware may provide services for communicating (such as e-mail), group document development, scheduling, and tracking. Documents can include text, images, or other types of data |
| - GUI – (Graphical User Interface). Pronounced "gooey". An operating system environment that represents programs, files, and options by means of icons, menus, and dialog boxes on a screen. The best known GUI is, of course, MS Windows |
| - HDSL High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line |
| - HEADER – Generally, the top part of an email message or Usenet posting that contains information about the message, such as who it's from, when it was sent, etc. |
| - HITS – A term used to describe the volume of Traffic a web site is receiving. Specifically, a "hit" means a single request from a web browser for a single item from a web page. A web surfer visting a single web page with 3 graphics would cause 4 hits to be recorded, one for the page and 3 for the graphics. The term is often used as a rough measurement of traffic to a page or site but can be very misleading in determining unique visitors to a web site |
| - HOME PAGE – Another term that is often loosely used and that can have several meanings. The term is most commonly used in reference to the main or starting web page for a business, organization, or individual. Also, used in reference to the the web page that your browser is set to use when it starts up |
| - HOST – Simply put, this is the computer you connect to for your Internet access |
| - HTML (HyperText Markup Language) The coding language used to create Hypertext documents (web pages) for use on the World Wide Web. Browsers like Netscape and IE read pages coded in HTML and present the results in a formatted and readable manner. As HTML evolves and becomes more complex, so do the web browsers that interpret HTML |
| - HTTP – (HyperText Transport Protocol) The protocol used for moving hypertext files (web pages) across the WWW. Requires a HTTP client program on one end and an HTTP server program on the other end. For those who were wondering why every web site address was preceded by "http://", now you know |
| - HYPERTEXT – A term used to describe nonlinear writing in which associative paths are followed through a world of interrelated text documents. The term is often used in relation to web pages and sites but hypertext has practical application off the Web as well |
| - I/C LEC – Incumbent/Competitive Local ExchangeCarrier |
| - IDSL – ISDN like Digital Subscriber Line |
| - IMAP – (Internet Message Access Protocol) A protocol for the storage and retrieval of email (much like POP, the Post Office Protocol) |
| - IMHO – Abbreviation for the expression "In my humble opinion" |
| - INDEX – In relation to the Internet, the term is used to describe the main or starting page of a website describing the sites contents. The term is also used to describe the means by which a search engine catalogs a web site |
| - INTERNET – Also referred to as the "Net". The collection of all the connected networks in the world. Specifically, the set of networks that communicate via TCP/IP |
| - INTERNIC – The main source of all domain names issued in the United States. Also, the controlling agency which handles domain disputes |
| - IP (Internet Protocol) – The main protocol used on the Internet |
| - IP NUMBER – A four-part number that uniquely identifies a machine on the Internet. For instance, the IP number for Jayde is 208.239.240.102 and can be used interchangeably with the domain name "jayde.com" |
| - IRC (Internet Relay Chat) – Both a protocol and a program type which allows someone to talk in real time to someone else, anywhere in the world |
| - ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) – Communications carriers which offer Voice and digital network services combined into a single medium using one line to their customers |
| - ISP (Internet Service Provider) – Simply put, a company through which you can access the Internet. ISP's maintain a network linked to the Internet via a dedicated communication line, usually a high-speed link known as a T1 or T3 connection, and offer use of these dedicated lines to companies or individuals for a fee. Using a modem, you can dial up an ISP whose computers will connect you to the Internet |
| - JAVA – An object-oriented programming language, developed by Sun Microsystems. Based on C++, Java is smaller, more portable, and easier to use than C++ because it is more detailed and it manages memory on its own. Java was designed to run on any platform which makes it a useful language for programming Web applications, since users access the Web from many types of computers |
| - JAVA-COMPLIANT BROWSER – A Web browser with support for the Java programming language built into it. Most current Web browsers are Java-compliant |
| - JAVAscript – A scripting language developed by Netscape and Sun Microsystems that is loosely related to Java. JavaScript code can be embedded in a Web page along with HTML code and is easier to write than Java, especially for novice programmers. JavaScript, however, is not a true programming language and has limited functionality in comparison with Java. A JavaScript-compliant Web browser, such as Netscape, is necessary to run JavaScript code |
| - JOYSTICK – A joystick is usually used as a relative pointing device, moving an object on the screen when the stem is moved and stopping the movement when the stem is released. Mainly used for computer games |
| - JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) – A graphic stored as a file in the JPEG format, an ISO/ITU standard for storing images in compressed form using a discrete cosine transform |
| - JUMPER – A small plug or wire that can be connected between different points in an electronic circuit in order to alter an aspect of a hardware configuration |
| - KBPS – Your modem's speed is measured in the number of bits it can transfer in a second. Modems rated in kilobits per second are now the standard |
| - KERMIT – A protocol used for transferring files over a dial-up connection that is commonly used on BBS systems |
| - KEY PAL – A person you correspond with that uses a KEYboard to type e-mail messages instead of say, a pen, to write handwritten letters. Usually these e-mail messages are written back and forth between two or more people with some kind of regularity. A pen pal in cyberspace. If you correspond with someone frequently or on a regular basis it could be said that the two of you are "key pals" |
| - KNOWBIE – A person who understands the finer details of computer networking |
| - KNOWBOT – An artificially intelligent computer program that automates the search for animation |
| - KOC – Chat room lingo for 'Kiss On Cheek' |
| - KOL – Chat room lingo for 'Kiss On Lips' |
| - KWIM – Chat room lingo for 'Know What I Mean' |
| - KYPO – Chat room lingo for 'Keep Your Pants On' |
| - LAN – Local Area Network; usually a group of PC's, Other Computers & Peripheral Devices linked together where each device is located in close proximity to all the other devices. LANs typically consist of a number of PC's, shared printers & Shared Directories & Files |
| - LINK – A component of a document which when clicked with a mouse takes the user to another document or a different section of the current document |
| - LOL – Laughing Out Loud – abbreviation used in E-mails or in chat rooms |
| - LURK – To read messages in a newsgroup or chat area without ever posting or replying yourself |
| - MAIL BOMB – An e-mail message sent with the intent to crash the recipients mailserver or mailreader. Mail bombing is a form of electronic harrassment and can on many systems result in the cancellation of the bomber's account |
| - MAIL FILTER – A program that allows you to sort e-mail according to information in the header |
| - MAILING LIST – One e-mail address made up of several different e-mail addresses |
| - MARQUEE – A region on a page that displays a horizontally scrolling text message |
| - MDF – Main Distribution Frame |
| - MEMORY – Chips holding all the information your PC needs to use. There are two kinds of memory, RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Media) |
| - MENU – A list presented to you, the user, with options letting you perform specific tasks |
| - MENU DRIVEN – Programs where you use a menu to complete tasks |
| - MENUBAR – In Windows, the bar across the top which contains headings, each with a pull-down menu |
| - MTU – Multi Tennant Unit |
| - NID – Network Interface Device |
| - PODS – Plain Old Telephone Service |
| - RADSL – Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line |
| - SDSL – Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line |
| - SIP – Service Interface Point |
| - SOHO – Small Office / Home Office |
| - SSG – Service Selection Gateway |
| - URL (Uniform Resource Locator) – A string that supplies the Internet address of a Web site or resource on the World Wide Web, along with the protocol by which the site or resource is accessed. The most common on the web is the HTTP protocol. |
| - VDSL – Very high bitrate Digital Subscriber Line |
| - VOD – Video on Demand |
| - VODSL – Voice over DSL |
| - VPN – Virtual Private Network |
| - WATERMARK – A "watermark" is a graphic that appears at the back of the page but doesn't scroll along with the rest of the page |
| - WYSIWYG – What You See Is What You Get (pronounced "whizzy-wig") usually refers to website building software that enables you to see images onscreen exactly as they will appear on your browser |
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